Biology STAAR (State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

1. Produce energy through photosynthesis

2. Convert nitrogen into a usable form

3. Break down and absorb dead organisms

4. Compete for resources

The correct answer is: Break down and absorb dead organisms

Decomposers play a crucial role in an ecosystem by breaking down and absorbing dead organisms. This process is essential for nutrient cycling, as decomposers such as fungi, bacteria, and detritivores recycle organic material from dead plants and animals back into the soil. By doing this, they release vital nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon, which are then made available to living organisms, thereby supporting new plant growth and maintaining the overall health of the ecosystem. The breakdown of dead matter also helps in preventing the accumulation of waste, which can be harmful to the environment. This decomposition process is fundamental for the sustainability of ecosystems, as it ensures that energy and matter are continuously cycled through the various trophic levels. Decomposers thus serve as nature's recyclers, facilitating a balanced and thriving ecosystem.